Revolving door.



PATENTED JUNE-25, 1907.

C. H, ROECKNER. REVOLVING DOOR.

APPLIQATION ,FILED Nov.23.1905. 3 SHEETS SHEBT l' @xl l/ 7i/asses.

nu: Nanms Ps1-Ens co4 wasmmmuv, n c.

No; moz. PATBNTED JUNE 25, 19o?.v

` c. vH. ROEGKNER.

REVOLVINGv DOOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.23.1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

77622277/55 es. I

f 19u/anim.

1w: NoRms PETERS co4, wAsmNcwN, o, c.

CHARLES HARRY ROECKNER, OF HAMBURG, GERMANY.

REVOLVING DQOF?.

Speccation of Letters Patent.

Patented June 25, 1907.

.Application led November 23,1905. Serial No. 288.788.

To a/ZZ whom, t may concern.'

Be it known that T, CHARLES HARRY ROECKNER, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Hamburg, in the German Empire, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Revolving Doors, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a revolvn ing door, consisting of four wings which when in use revolve together about a central axis.

The object of the invention is to construct a door of this description on which in case of danger the people rushing out move the parts or wings of the door to a side, in such manner that all four wings swing outward and allow a free passage. For this purpose the wings of the door are operatively connected with one another by special moving-mechanisms in such manner that the inner wings set the outer ones in motion to turn them outwardly.

In the drawing a door is shown made according to this invention.

Figure l shows a sectional elevation of the door, drawn to the line 1 1 of Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 shows a plan several parts broken away and others omitted for sake of clearness. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of a detail showing a coupling mechanism for coupling the moving mechanism to the wing of the door and Fig. 4 is a sectional plan of the same. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of a modification of the coupling mechanism and Fig. 6 a horizontal section of the same. Fig. 7 is a vertical section of a detail showing a locking mechanism to connect the wings with each other at the center of the door and Fig. 8 is a horizontal section of the same drawn to the line 8S of Fig. 7.

ln the mode of construction shown in the drawings the moving mechanism consists of a system of arms and links connecting the four wings a l) c d in certain positions in a special manner. On each nu'ng there is attached a hollow shaft or on top and bottom a socket e and c, which may turn about a vertical rod At their lower ends the four rods f are fastened to a circular ring g, which turns below the floor about the central axis of the door togetherwith the latter, when in normal use. The upper sockets e as well as the rods f are prolonged above the top of the wings of the door and are surrounded by strong rings or bosses having arms, which for sake of clearness in the drawings are referred to not only by the numbers 5 and 6 but also by the letters of the corresponding door'wings as indexes. Thus the arms 5 and 6 of the wing a are called 5a and 6a, those belonging to the wing l) are called 5b and 6b and so on. The arm 5 of each wing is connected with the arm 6 of the next following wing by a link 7 as may be clearly seen in Figs. l and 2. Above the arms 5 and 6 there are two more bosses also provided with arms kl and k2, each arm cl having a longitudinal slot t, into which projects a stud s attached to the arm k2 of the preceding doorwing.`

There is a coupling mechanism in connection with every one of the bosses, with the eX- ception of the boss of the arm 5 which is provided with two coupling-mechanisms for a purpose stated farther on. This coupling mechanism Fig. 3 and 4 consists of a divided coupling piece m n arranged to slide within a casing l attached to each boss of the aforesaid arms. The two parts m and n are held asunder by springs Q2 and the part n is acted upon by springs el resting in the wall of the casing Z, so as to tend to with-draw the coupling piece out of engagement of a slot e2 of the socket e. To allow this disengagement to take place with greater ease the part m is somewhat wedge-shaped. The part n is provided vwith an antiefriction roller u, which on mounting a segmental rib mentioned farther on pushes the coupling piece inwardly so as to force the wedge-shape part m into the correspondingly shaped slot e2 and coupling the boss carrying such coupling piece with the socket e.

Between the bosses of the lowest arms 5 and the wings of the door there is a circular frame 7L, through which the upper sockets e project and which together, with the rods j and the lower ring g form a revolving cage, on which the wings (L, l), c, d may swing about the rods f when unlocked. The rods f on the upper ends are attached to strong beams 2 which are connected to a strong central pin 1 rotatively suspended on a ball-bearing 4,

arranged on beams 3, which are supported at their ends directly on the wall or on a casting o resting on, the wall. The casting o which is made circular is provided with segmental ribs wa, wb, we, wd, w1 and @02, which each extend over oneI quarter of a circle and on which the rollers u of the coupling pieces IOO IIO

described above roll when passing them on the rotation oi the door, so as to couple the arm in connection with such coupling piece with the socket e carrying the same. The ribs are positioned in such manner that in theposition of the door shown in Fig. 1 and 2 the four wings are in line with the centers of the ribs; rib wa lying opposite the lower coupling-piece oi the arm 5a and 'w1 opposite the couplino` piece of the arm 761 belonging to the oor wing a, rib wb opposite the coupling piece of the arm 6b belonging to the wing Z), we opposite the upper coupling piece of 5C, belonging to c, wd opposite the coupling piece of 6d, and w2 opposite the coupling piece of k2 belonging to the door wing d. ln this way in the position shown the arm 5a and the arm k1 are coupled to the socket c of the Wing a and thus with the wing a, the arm 6b is coupled to the wing b, the arm 5C with the wing c, and the'arm 6d and k2 of the wing d are coupled to the wing d. All other arms in this position of the door are not coupled to the socket carrying them. Thus when in case of fire or other danger, the people rush against the door, when in position shown in the drawing, the wings a and Z turn about their rods f outwardly in the direction of the arrows. The arms 5,a and (5d coupled to these wings transmit the rotation to the arms 6b and 5C by means of the links 7, thus also forcing the wings Z) and c to rotate in the direction shown.

In order to prevent the door-wings b and c from hindering each other in this moving, provisions are made to hold one of these two wings for instance c back until the other is rotated to such an angle, that no hindrance takes place. This is done by giving the coupling, which connects the arm 5C to the wing c, a certain amount of play and by arranging the arms k1 and k2 on the wings a and (Z, which force these wings a and (Z to start together. There being no play in that coupling, which connects the arm 6b with the wing Z), the latter will also move together with the Wings a and CZ, While the play in the coupling connecting the arm 5C will allow the Wing c to remain at rest until the wing Z) has cleared its way, whereupon it will follow the wing Z) and also turn outwardly. When the wings a and Z are turned outwardly to an angle of about 900, standing nearly parallel with each other, all the couplings will be released, because of the rollers a turning away from the segmental ribs on the casting o. The ndngs Z) and c then are also turned about an angle ci 900 out of the position shown in Fig. 2, from whence they can easily be completely turned outwardly by the people rushing out. It will be clearly gathered from the above description and Jfrom the drawing that, whenever the door-wings pass the position, in which the wings stand at right angle to and parallel with the direction of the central vertical plane ol the door a change of the coupling pieces takes place, those having been in engagement being now released by their rollers running off from their ribs, while the rollers of other coupling pieces mount some other ribs. Each wing carries similar arms and coupling pieces, therefore, the door will always be acted upon in the same manner described above, no matter in which position the door during its normal rotation is arrested; the coupling mechanisms always acting in such manner that the inner wings which are first met by the people trying to rush out, may be turned about their rods f in the direction of the arrows l and lV, while the outer wings are acted upon by the iirst to turn in the direction of the arrows Il, Ill.

As has been said before the door-wing taking the position of the wing c, will be coupled to its driving arm 5c by a coupling having play or idle motion. For this reason the arm 5 of each wing is provided with two coupling pieces one above the other, one with and the other without play. The coupling piece having no play is arranged in the level of the rib wa and the other having play in the level of the rib we, Fig. l.

Instead of making use of the coupling mechanism shown in Fig. 1 and 2 and more particularly in Fig. 3 and 4, other coupling mechanisms may be made use of, for instance such as is shown in Fig. 5. This coupling mechanism consists of a double armed lever Z1 fulcrumed at Z2 in a slot Z3 of the boss of arms named above or their substitutes. A coupling stud m1 is pivoted to the lower arm of this lever and engages in an opening of the socket e. On the other side of its pivot the coupling stud m1 is provided with a beveled nose m2. A similar nose n2 is arranged on a second stud nl pivotally attached to the other arm of lever Z1. The latter stud, which only serves as a guiding-stud is of' such length that when it is withdrawn or completely enters vthe slot, it cannot touch the socket e, while the coupling stud m1, is so much longer that in its retracted position it engages a notch or slot in the socket c to a sul'licient extent to secure the coupling between the boss and the socket. The lever Z1 is so shaped or so arranged that the nose of the guiding stud nl projects out from the boss, when the nose of the coupling stud m? is in its retracted position. ln order to throw the couplings into or out of engagement, instead of segmental ribs merely tongues p attached to some liXed part project into the path of the noses m1 and nl. These tongues p are situated, where in the first modiiication the ribs start, thus changing the position of the couplingpieces on the same place. Instead of providing the sockets e with bosses carying arms, other means such as chains and sprockets and the IOO IIO

like, may be employed for operatively connecting the shafts to compel the wings to jointly swing outward. When in normal use of the door the four wings must be locked together at their inner ends. This may be done by any desired locking mechanism, that is released when the people rush out to open the wings.

rIhe looking mechanism shown in drawings Figs. 7 and 8 consist of a drop-weight y, which carries four noses z engaging correspondingly shaped notches at the lower corners of the door-wings. On the weight y there is a square plate 10 rotatively connected by a central stud or bolt 11. The corners 12 of this plate project into apertures 13 on the inner ends of the door wings, when in locked position, thus holding the weight jl/ in the position shown. The size of the square plate is some what less than the square space between the ends of the 'doorwings, when in working position. lVhen the plate is turned about the pivot stud 11 for 45o it loo-ses its grasp on the bottom of the apertures 13 and the weight y drops down, thus retracting the noses z from their engagement with the doorwings and releasing them. The rotation of the plate 10 is carried into etleoct by means of a pawl 14 attached to a vertical rod 15, of which there is one in each door-wing. In the level of about the usual door-handles there is an arm 16 attached to the rod 15, that can be turned by means of an outwardly arranged Ahandle 17, which may extend nearly across the whole breadth of the door. For the sake of better appearance a similar handle 18 is arranged on the other side of the door, which however is not turnable but is attached in iixed position and may merely serve to rotate the complete door when in normal use. Theturnable handle 17 is situated on that side of each door wing, which is in the back of the people walking through the door normally, so that asa rule there is no need nor opportunity to touch this handle, which may cause the unlocking of the door-wings when pushed inwardly. When however in case of danger the p'eople rush out blindly, they naturally press against both surfaces that present themselves, therelore are also bound to push the handle 17 inwardly and thus unlock the door-wings.

In the construction shown the handle 17 must overcome a certain power before the unlocking takes place,'to prevent this unlocking being carried out unintentionally. For this purpose there is a knuckle-joint connected with the handle, consisting of two arms 16 and 21 telescoping into sockets 24 which are parts of the hinge 23 connected by a pivot pin 25. The arm 16 is attached to the rod spoken of above and the arm 21 pivoted to a stud 22. Two helical springs 19 and 20, of which 19 surrounds the arm 16,

and 20 the arm 21, tends to hold the parts in the position shown in Jfull lines, by pressing against the bosses of the arms 16 and 21, at one end and against the hinge 23 at the other end. yl\he pin of the hinge is arranged to slide in slots 26 of the biturcated end 27 of the handle 17 `When this handle is pressed inwardly also 'the pin 25 and hinge 23 is moved inwardly, increasing the tension of the springs 19 and 2O and forcing the sockets 24 to slide over the arms 16 and 21 untilthese parts come in the plane of the pivot 22 and -rod 15.' As soon as this position is passed the springs 19 and 20 act to move the parts farther on in the same `direction which y now suddenly jump into the position shown in dotted lines, the pin 25 sliding in the slot 26 of the biiurcated end 27 of the handle 17. A similar locking mechanism is provided for the upper part of the door. The weight y however is replaced by a spring 28, attached to a plate having similar noses z and also a turnable plate 10; these parts being arranged upside down, the spring 23 has the tendency to pull the locking mechanism upward. rIhe turnable plate may be turned by pawls 141 which are attached to the same rods 15 and are similarly shaped as the lower pawls 14, so that by the inward movement of one ofthe door handles both locking mechanisms are unlocked and the door wings released. In order to set the locking mechanism in the floor as well as in the ceiling of the door there is an opening, that may be normally closed by a cover 30 or the like. In the floor there may be a lever 29 to lift the weight y by hand or foot, andwhen in this position the plate 10 may be adjusted by a iinger, for which an opening may be provided for in one or more door wings. A similar lever 31 is provided for in the ceiling of t-he door for the same purpose.

The system of arms and links described above may advantageously be furnished with leans for re-adjusting such arms and links into working order. These means may consist of springs 32 fixed to the arms at one end and pressing against the rod sidewise at the other end. Thus the springs compel the arms and links to open out, when standing at an acute angle. To prevent this'opening out to surpass an angle of' 90O the arms are provided with side-arms 33 at their ends, standing at right angles to them. of the springs are also adapted to press against these side arms, so that, when the arms and links are opened outby the springs, these latter abut against the side arms 33, as

soon as the right angle position is attained.

Therefore all the arms and links return into their normal position, shown in Fig. 2, as soon as, after opening the door-wings, the coupling-pieces are released, and no readjustment of the system of arms and links by The free endsl IOO hand is necessary, when the opened door is reset into working order.

lI claim:

1. A revolving door comprising a plurality of wings adapted to revolve about a central aXis and means to simultaneously swing said wings away from said aXis.

2. A revolving door comprising a plurality of wings detachably connected at one edge and pivoted at their outer edges, and means connecting the pivots to swing the wings conjointly on their outer pivots.

3. A revolving door comprising a plurality of wings detachably connected at their inner edges, a shaft at the outer edge of each wing on which they are pivoted, and means for operatively connecting the shafts to compel the wings to swing conjointly about such shafts.

4. A revolving door comprising a plurality of Wings, locking mechanism at the center for detachably connecting the Wings, means for pivotally mounting the Wings at their outer edges, and means for unlocking said mechanism by pressure against one wing to disconnect all the wings simultaneously.

5. A revolving door comprising a plurality of Wings, locking mechanism at the center for detachably connecting the wings, shafts for pivotally mounting the wings at their outer edges, means for unlocking said mechanism arranged to be operated by pressure on the wings, and means for operatively connecting the shafts to compel the wings to swing conjointly outward.

6. A revolving door comprising a plurality of wings, locking mechanism at the center for detachably connecting the wings, shafts for pivotally mounting the Wings at their outer edges, means for operatively connecting the shafts to compel the wings to swing conjointly, and mechanism to couple the connecting means to said shafts at certain position of the door wings.

7. A revolving door comprising a plurality of wings detachably connected by locking mechanism at the center, shafts on which the wings are pivoted at their edges, arms pivoted to the shafts, and links connecting the arms of the neighboring shafts.

S. A revolving door comprising a plurality of Wings, detachably connected by locking mechanism at their center, shafts on which the wings are pivoted at their outer edges, arms pivoted to the-shafts, links connecting the arms of the neighboring shafts, and means to couple the arms to said shafts at certain positions of the wings.

9. A revolving door comprising a plurality of wings detachably connected by locking mechanism at the center, shafts on which the wings are pivoted at their outer edges, arms pivotally mounted on each shaft, a link connecting two of the arms of neighboring shafts, a sliding connection for two other arms of neighboring shafts, and a coupling mechanism on each arm to couple the same to its shaft at certain positions of the wing.

10. A revolving door comprising a plurality of wings, mechanism for centrally locking the wings, shafts on which the wings are pivoted at their outer edges, arms pivoted on the shafts, links connecting corresponding arms of the neighboring shafts, a coupling piece in connection with each arm, and projections on Afined parts of the door for operating the coupling pieces on the rotation of the door to couple the arms to said shafts at certain positions of the door.

11. A revolving door comprising a plurality of wings, mechanism for centrally locking the wings, shafts on which the wings are pivoted at their outer edges, arms pivoted on the shafts, a link connecting a corresponding arm on a neighboring shaft, a coupling piece arranged on the boss of each shaft, and projecting segmental ribs on fixed parts of the door for operating the coupling piece on the rotation of the door to couple the arms to said shafts at certain positions of the door.

12. A revolving door comprising a plurality of wings, mechanism for detachably locking the wings at the center, shafts on which the wings are pivoted at their outer edges, arms rotatably attached to the shafts, a link connecting each arm to a corresponding arm on a neighboring shaft, coupling mechanism to couple the arms to said shafts at certain positions of the door Wing to enable the wings to swing outward conjointly and means to retract the arms into normal position when released from the shafts.

13. A revolving door comprising a plurality of wings, locking mechanism detachably connecting said wings at the center, shafts on which the wings are pivoted at their outer edges, a movable handle attached to and arranged to be pressed toward each wing, and means operated by any one of the handles to release the locking mechanism.

14. In a revolving door, the combination with a plurality of wings, of a central locking member adapted to engage each wing, and means on each door to withdraw the locking member from engagement with all the wings simultaneously.

15. In a revolving door, the combination with a plurality of wings, of a central locking member adapted to engage each wing, a movable handle attached to each wing, and means on each door operated by such handle to Withdraw the locking member from engagement with all. the wings simultaneously.

16. In a revolving door, the combination with a plurality of notched wings, of a locking member provided with a nose projecting into each notch, a plate rotatively mounted on the locking member adapted to engagev apertures in the wings, and means for rotat- IOO IIC

IIS

ing the plate to release the locking member l into the apertures, a movable handle on each from the Wings. door, a paWl connected with said handle 1o 17. In a revolving door7 the combination adapted to rotate the plate on the handle bewith a plurality of wlngs each having a notch ing pressed inwardly.

in the corner and an aperture above the CHARLES HARRY ROECKNER. notch, a locking-piece having a nose for each Witnesses: notch, a plate rotatvely attached to the OTTO W.HELLMR1CH,

locking member having corners projecting IDA CHRIST. HAFERMANN. 

